Date: 07-13-2011

Case Style: Tara Liza Maffey v. Daniel Perry Muchka

Case Number: A145759

Judge: Duncan

Court: Oregon Court of Appeals on appeal from the Circuit Court of Lane County

Plaintiff's Attorney: No appearance for respondent.

Defendant's Attorney: Howard Hudson argued the cause and filed the brief for appellant.

Description: 2 Respondent appeals the trial court's continuation of a restraining order
3 petitioner obtained against him under the Family Abuse Prevention Act (FAPA), ORS
4 107.700 to 107.735. Respondent asserts that petitioner failed to present sufficient
5 evidence to support continuation of the order. For the reasons explained below, we
6 disagree and, therefore, affirm.
7 The facts, as established by the trial court's findings and the undisputed
8 evidence, are as follows. At the time of the hearing regarding the continuation of the
9 restraining order, petitioner and respondent had been in a relationship for approximately
10 18 months, and they had a young child together. The parties' relationship was troubled
11 for several reasons, including respondent's post-traumatic stress disorder, which caused
12 him to behave in a highly emotional manner at times.
13 On Easter 2010, petitioner, respondent, and their child were living together
14 in respondent's house. One of respondent's friends took them to church and brunch and
15 then brought them back home. The child's stroller was accidentally left behind in the
16 friend's car. Once home, petitioner cleaned the house and cooked dinner in preparation
17 for company. Respondent took a nap. When petitioner realized that the stroller had been
18 left behind, she woke respondent and asked him to call and have his friend return the
19 stroller because she needed it the next day. Respondent became angry and asked
20 petitioner to make the call herself. When she said that she would prefer that he make the
21 call, he began swearing at her. According to petitioner,
2
"[1 respondent] said, 'You can't do anything fucking right. You know, you're
2 supposed to be a mother, you're supposed to keep this house in order.' And
3 he just freaked out at that point. He said, 'You're walking around here like
4 this is your house. Slamming doors, slamming cupboards.' You know, I
5 was cooking. Of course cupboards were closing.
6 "And * * * I was frustrated, you know. And he proceeded to jump
7 out of bed, and he was coming at me. So I ran out of the room, was going
8 down the stairs, and this -- there's a landing, right? So I felt his hand on the
9 back of my right shoulder, and I turned around on the landing to defend
10 myself so that I wouldn't go head-first. And at that point he pushed me up
11 against the wall and was telling me to get the fuck out. And that he was
12 tired of the way I was acting, that I didn't do my duties. And I just tried to
13 calm him down and placate him, and I said, 'Okay, all right, all right.'
14 "At that point he became eerily calm and just walked away. * * *
15 [W]hich he's told me in the past is an indication of right before he gets
16 really violent, he becomes eerily calm. And so I just packed my things as
17 fast as I could."
18 Petitioner moved out of respondent's house that night, taking the couple's
19 child with her. Petitioner stayed with her mother for a few days and then moved into a
20 "safe house."
21 Four days after moving out of respondent's house, petitioner filed for a
22 restraining order against respondent. The trial court issued a temporary restraining order
23 and, at respondent's request, subsequently held a hearing to determine whether the
24 temporary restraining order should be continued. See ORS 107.718 (establishing process
25 for obtaining and disputing a restraining order).
26 At the hearing, petitioner testified about the Easter 2010 incident. She
27 testified that petitioner threatened her and that, when he pushed her up against the wall, it
28 hurt and scared her. She also testified about a similar incident on Thanksgiving 2009,
29 when respondent pushed her up against a wall and threatened her.
3
1 Petitioner testified that respondent has severe post-traumatic stress disorder
2 and a history of getting "extremely angry" over "very small, little things." She also
3 testified that respondent's volatile behavior had been increasing. He had kicked petitioner
4 and their child out of his home three times in the seven months before the hearing, once
5 by throwing their things out into a parking lot.
6 Petitioner testified that respondent had been "extremely controlling"
7 throughout their relationship; he had limited her contact with other people and her access
8 to her own money. Petitioner also testified that respondent had repeatedly made verbal
9 threats about his ability and inclination to act against her. He had told her, for example,
10 that he was "a vindictive motherfucker" and that he could make her "life a living hell."
11 He also had told her, "I will take [the child] from you, not because I want him but
12 because I'm going to take what you love most" and "I won't stop until you have nothing
13 left."
14 Petitioner testified that she was afraid of respondent and was concerned
15 about further abuse. She testified that, after the trial court issued the temporary
16 restraining order and she moved into the safe house, respondent violated the order by
17 coming near the safe house on several occasions and by having a friend call her.
18 Petitioner testified that, while living at the safe house, she felt relatively safe inside, but
19 not outside. She stayed inside as much as possible, and, when she went outside, she tried
20 to have another resident accompany her. Regarding the basis for her fear of further
21 abuse, petitioner testified:
4
1 "Well, because for one thing this is a pattern. For another, he
2 repeatedly told me he was going to take my son from me. Now that [the
3 child] has been placed with me, I'm afraid he might lose it. He has also
4 made threats to me that, you know, if he can't have me and [the child], he
5 would lose his mind, things like that. And he just has a very volatile,
6 unstable past, and present. And I'm -- I'm afraid of him."
7 The trial court found petitioner credible. The court noted that petitioner
8 "presented herself in a very credible way" and that "[h]er demeanor, her tone, her
9 description and details, are all consistent and internally reliable." The court found "no
10 reason to disbelieve her testimony at all." Based on petitioner's testimony, which, the
11 court noted, was essentially unrebutted, the court concluded that respondent had abused
12 petitioner during the Easter incident, noting that "[t]here was intimidation and threat of
13 harm, for a minimum, on that occasion." The court also concluded that, respondent's
14 "long history and pattern of intimidation and control * * * support[ed] the petitioner's
15 contentions of her concern for imminent danger of further abuse." The court ordered that
16 the restraining order be continued.
17 On appeal, respondent argues that there was insufficient evidence to
18 support the trial court's continuance of the restraining order. We review the trial court's
19 legal conclusions for errors of law, but are bound by its factual findings if there is any
evidence in the record to support them.1 20 See, e.g., State v. B. B., 240 Or App 75, 77, 245
21 P3d 697 (2010).
1 Although we have discretion to review this case de novo, ORS 19.415(3)(b),
respondent has not requested such review, and we perceive no reason to exercise our
discretion to conduct our review de novo. See ORAP 5.40(8)(c) (providing that we will
exercise our discretion to review de novo only in "exceptional cases").
5
1 In order to obtain a restraining order, a petitioner must prove, by a
2 preponderance of the evidence, ORS 107.710(2), that he or she has "been the victim of
3 abuse committed by the respondent within 180 days preceding the filing of the petition,
4 that there is an imminent danger of further abuse to the petitioner and that the respondent
5 represents a credible threat to the physical safety of the petitioner or the petitioner's
6 child," ORS 107.718(1). On appeal, respondent argues that petitioner failed to prove
7 either that he had committed abuse or that there was an imminent danger of further abuse.
8 We turn first to respondent's argument regarding the sufficiency of the
9 evidence that he abused petitioner within the 180 days before she filed her restraining
10 order petition. ORS 107.705(1) defines "abuse," for the purposes of ORS 107.718, as
11 follows:
12 "'Abuse' means the occurrence of one or more of the following acts
13 between family or household members:
14 "(a) Attempting to cause or intentionally, knowingly or recklessly
15 causing bodily injury.
16 "(b) Intentionally, knowingly or recklessly placing another in fear of
17 imminent bodily injury.
18 "(c) Causing another to engage in involuntary sexual relations by
19 force or threat of force."
20 Thus, a person can commit "abuse," as defined by ORS 107.705(1), even if the person
21 does not actually cause bodily injury. Abuse includes attempting to cause bodily injury,
22 ORS 107.705(1)(a), and intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly placing another in fear of
23 imminent bodily injury, ORS 107.705(1)(b).
24 Here, petitioner presented evidence that, during the Easter 2010 incident,
6
1 respondent jumped out of bed in anger, chased her down the stairs as she fled from him,
2 put his hand on her shoulder in a manner that made her feel as if he was going to push her
3 down the stairs head first, and then, when she turned to defend herself, pushed her up
4 against the wall. That evidence was sufficient to establish, at a minimum, that respondent
5 recklessly placed petitioner in fear of imminent bodily injury. Thus, there was sufficient
6 evidence that respondent abused petitioner within the 180 days before she filed her
7 restraining order petition.
8 The question then becomes whether petitioner presented sufficient evidence
9 that there was an imminent danger that respondent would abuse her again. Evidence that
10 a respondent has engaged in a pattern of abusive behavior in the past and will likely
11 repeat the pattern in the near future is sufficient to support the issuance of a FAPA
12 restraining order. For example, in Fielder v. Fielder, 211 Or App 688, 695, 157 P3d 220
13 (2007), we held that there was sufficient evidence to support a restraining order against a
14 respondent who had a history of assaulting the petitioner when intoxicated, observing that
15 "[r]espondent's abusive behavior continues to correlate with her alcohol consumption,
16 and she has not been able to successfully control that behavior." See also Rosiles-Flores
17 v. Browning, 208 Or App 600, 605, 145 P3d 328 (2006) (evidence of respondent's abuse
18 of petitioner on three occasions and his continued attempts to contact her were sufficient
19 to support issuance of restraining order).
20 In this case, petitioner presented evidence that respondent had engaged in a
21 pattern of controlling and abusive behavior toward her. As the trial court found,
7
1 respondent had attempted to control petitioner through threats and intimidating actions.
2 His behavior had been volatile and aggressive, and petitioner testified that it had been
3 escalating. As described above, on both Thanksgiving 2009 and Easter 2010, respondent
4 had pushed petitioner up against the wall and threatened her.
5 Respondent's actions reflect a continuing desire to control petitioner and a
6 willingness to menace and physically harass her in order to do so. Respondent has told
7 petitioner that he is vindictive and that he could make her life "a living hell," and he has
8 expressed a desire to take their child from her. Significantly, respondent persisted in his
9 controlling and intimidating conduct toward petitioner even after the trial court issued the
10 temporary restraining order; he violated the order by coming near the safe house and
11 having a friend call petitioner. The evidence of respondent's past and continuing
12 behavior toward petitioner was sufficient to establish that petitioner was in imminent
13 danger of further abuse.

* * *

See: http://www.publications.ojd.state.or.us/A145759.pdf

Outcome: 14 Affirmed.

Plaintiff's Experts:

Defendant's Experts:

Comments: